Public Transportation in the UK Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Public Transportation in the UK - Article Example The fact that the value chain reflects upon the overall process of the business in a given industry as argued by Gerry Johnson and Kevan Scholes (2003) justifies the arguments in the previous sections that the information management system focusing on the ticketing and dynamic pricing will help accomplish efficient primary activity processing in the target market. From the arguments presented in this essay, it is clear that the efficiency in the railway industry is a critical element that is being affected by various macroeconomic factors. The PEST analysis also revealed that the railway industry possesses certain strengths like mass transportation, the geographical area covered, etc that can be used for the benefit of the business process itself. The SWOT analysis revealed that the efficiency in the target market can be increased through the efficient use of live finance information dynamically in order to fix the price for a certain journey between two given stations as argued by D ominic Fenn (2005). The review on the financial information system and the value chain also confirmed that the deployment of the system would not alter the system drastically but actually increase the operational efficiency of the system thus increasing the effectiveness of the system. Thus to conclude this report it is clear that the implementation of the Financial information system will help accomplish operational efficiency and increase the performance of the railway network as a whole.

International Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

International Economics - Essay Example As a substitute, the United Nations supports the use of special drawing rights (SDRs), a creation of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) – a proposal supported by Russia (Bryanski, 2009). The SDR is the designated international reserve asset that is the unit of payment on IMF loans; it has an advantage over the US dollar in that its valuation is calibrated against a basked of currencies, rather than on the currency of a single country. Preferably, however, the UN recommends the establishment of a new reserve system that is not based on just one or even several currencies, but should instead serve the need for stable international liquidity. In response, several European officials expressed their disagreement, citing the market as the ultimate determinant of which currencies countries would hold in reserve. Several have voiced the concern that political or administrative decisions cannot reformulate the world’s currency system (Vayrynen, in Charbonneau, 2010), and in the entire post-war period the currency exchange system had been based on the U.S. dollar (Sundaram, in Charbonneau, 2010). EU officials fear that any intervention by an administrative body into the workings of the market would just create additional problems and would make things even less predictable (Piebalgs, in Charbonneau, 2010). Some simply reject the idea of an artificial currency as the SDR as the reserve currency of the international financial system, stating that it is a non-starter because it is created by political decision making (Al-Jasser, in Kessler, 2009). Based on this scenario, some sectors have voiced the possibility that the yuan (or renminbi), the currency of China, may in the span of a decade gain the status of reserve currency and present itself as a suitable alternative to replace the U.S. dollar. Supporters cite the relative stability of the Yuan during the recent financial crisis, saying that it is a better holder of value than the dollar. This