Picture: Victim and Ultrahigh Spec Laptops

Mystery story It was an ordinary day with my two close friends, Adam and Matt. As always after school we all came over to my place for dinner, then go downstairs into my gaming room. Three desks with three really comfortable office chairs. We all had ultrahigh spec laptops and we all Just got new surround sound headsets for Christmas. We spent hours on our laptops playing video games together on a dally basis. But this one day right after New Year something inordinate and unforgettable started happening. Our New Year's holiday was coming to an end, we only had a few days feet to spend a lot of time gaming.We spent some money and bought a huge amount of snacks, enough to last for three days. We headed towards our gaming room and spent our days there. We didn't see sunlight for two days straight. Enjoying our time with our new headsets playing call of duty together, laughing together and getting mad at the game, we finally decided to take a break. As always Matt would go on his email t o check if his family for overseas emailed him. Many of his cousins enjoy video gaming as well so we invite them every now and then to our only party. An email appeared subjected â€Å"Boo†. As anyone else would do Matt just deleted it assuming it was spam.After a few hours of gaming he decided to check his email again and saw the same email. Out of curiosity he opened the email but not much appeared, just a blank page with a small message â€Å"Boo†, it didn't really make sense to him so asked us to check it out. Adam and me just laughed and cracked funny Jokes with him about his End. He shut down his laptop and headed back home. The next day, we all returned to our laptops but Mats laptop was open and on already. We assumed Matt forgot to shut it down and close it but he was sure of himself that he did. He asked if one of us go on it but we both shook our heads and said no.Matt sat down on his chair laying his hands on his laptop, realizing there was an extra folder on his desktop. The folder was named â€Å"Boo†. He opened it but it was an empty folder, he tried deleting it but an error message constantly appeared. As we all assumed the â€Å"Boo† spam email he received probably installed a virus onto his laptop which created that folder. Opening his Anti-Mallard program he did a virus scan but his computer was clean, no virus detected. He ignored it and we went on gaming. During our gaming session in the corner of Mats screen, a message appeared saying â€Å"Boo Is here. † He exited the game and clicked on the message.It slowly retyped Boo Has Started In big bold letters, we were all wondering what kind of virus this must have been to be able to hide for the Anta-Mallard software scans. As we were all suspecting Matt shut down his laptop but he decided to take It home to make sure It wasn't any of us. An hour later he arrived home and went up to his room. He sat on his bed and put on his laptop. He reopened the File †Å"Boo† but this time there was a notepad file In It, the file was named untitled 1. He opened the notepad and there were a list of 9 names on It. He goggled those names and found out they were all volts of recent murder cases.Matt didn't know what to do, contacting the police would raise their suspicion on him and they might think he Is the murderer. He decided to keep quiet about this. He shut off his laptop, and headed to bed. Two some sleeping pills, he received some and took them with a glass of water. The next morning he woke up noticing the laptop open and on, the â€Å"Boo† file was open, but this time there was another folder in the file called â€Å"pictures†. He opened the pictures lading, going through the pictures were pictures of murder with the victim's names written at the bottom.Matt was shocked from the pictures, Victims were burned and tortured, the last picture had an audio file with it. He played the audio and a weird radio beeping noise went off, screams could be heard in the back ground of the audio, after 6 seconds of weird noises a voice came up and said â€Å"Find what cannot be found†. The screen of the laptop went black after the audio played with a big play button in the middle. Matt clicked the play button and a collection of pictures getting skimmed through quickly created a video of a hand cutting open peoples belly, penetrating the eyes with knifes, cutting of tongues and many more disgusting pictures.On some bodies there was text inscribed in the skin with a knife. At the end of the pictures the voice came up again and said â€Å"Find what cannot be found†, Matt closed his laptop. For the upcoming four weeks Matt isolated himself from everyone else by staying in bed. His parents became more and more worried so eventually they called an ambulance and he was taken to a hospital. From the doctors perspective he experienced a severe transformation at the age of 16. For the four weeks after he was p ut on the hospital Adam and me visited Matt every four days.Whenever we visited he never said a word and never looked at us, he was always starring at the wall in front of him with tears coming out of his eyes. He wasn't the same old Matt we knew before, it was terrifying seeing him in that state. More weeks came by, he was still lying in the hospital doing nothing and saying nothing. Just waiting to die. A year has passed and reported on the new a calamity happened, a massacre. The hospital Matt was on caught on fire, after the fire was extinguished. There were nine patients who got burned alive.Three patients had carvings on their skin. Six patients were missing and matt was one of them. The police took Mats laptop into custody and tracked the IP address of the email. It led the police to a huge graveyard where all the victims were buried. It has been six years since the incident and the case has not been solved yet, the missing victims are still missing, not a single trace of the m was found, it's as if they disappeared into thin dust. If you receive an email subjected â€Å"Boo†, please contact the police and whatever you do. DO NOT OPEN IT!

A Leader in On-Line Travel Services Essay

The travel industry is billion dollar a year business. Year round people from all walks fill the roads and departing plane seats in search of travel success. There is no doubt that the travel industry will continue to be in demand, however, while vacationers, business travelers and everyone in between anticipate spending a good chunk of change to get from point a to point b, no person wants to part with their hard earned money. Thankfully, some genius out there understood this. Along with the evolution of the technological advances came a miraculous source for locating the best deals in travel, from flights to hotels to car rental. Based on the number of travel websites available, no longer do discounted travel options belong solely to commissioned travel agents. Today, everyone from housewives to grandpas to beer-guzzling football fanatics have the capability of obtaining their own travel deals. Parented by Expedia, Inc and based in Washington State, Expedia. com revolutionized the way people travel the world, and as time continues, its services only get better. With a bit of research, a pen and some paper, soon-to-be travelers are able to decide what airline or hotel best suits their needs (and their wallets) all with just a few clicks of the mouse. While competitors such as Travelocity and Priceline offer much of the same services, Expedia. com continues to be a leader in the travel industry (PR Newswire, p. 1). Thousands of hotels, airlines and other travel accommodators have joined in to vie for the traveler’s business, and the wooing has resulted in deep discounts and sometimes little extras, such as free hotel nights. Expedia. om’s early days were a bit primitive, but as the demand for travel options increased, the business flourished. Expedia. com has become a household name among travelers and will continue to be a source for deal seekers around the world. Expedia. com’s big break came in 1996 when Richard Barton, who, at the time, was responsible for creating CD-ROMS for Microsoft, presented the idea of offering travel options on-line (NetIndustries, p. 1). Microsoft Network1 reluctantly began assisting in web exposure in order to generate business for the experimental company (NetIndustries, p. ). While discounted airline tickets were the only product Expedia was offering at the time, the investment Microsoft placed in technological innovations for the company greatly expanded the number of people coming across Expedia. com’s website. A few short years would prove that Expedia. com was not just some fly-by-night ‘dot-com’. In 1999, Microsoft Network spun off a portion of their interest in Expedia for public availability; a move that increased Expedia. com’s worth within hours (NetIndustries, p. 1). With success under their belt, Microsoft opted to sell its entire interest in Expedia. com to USA Networks, Inc. 2. Led by CEO Erik Blachford, Expedia. com is wholly owned by InterActiveCorp (PBM, p. 1). Teaming up with Classic Custom Vacations, Expedia Corporate Travel and Travelscape. com, Inc. , Expedia. com found itself in the perfect position to expand the types of travel services offered, and could continue fulfilling their mission of utilizing electronic sourcing in order to provide the best travel options to its users (About Expedia. com, p. 1). Services available through Expedia. com include discounted flights, hotel accommodations, auto rental, cruises and even vacation packages, all for domestic and international destinations. Additionally, the company offers guidance to travelers who are unsure of the type of travel they are seeking. By clicking the ‘activities’ tab on the website, destination seekers are able to view events taking place all over the world (Expedia. com, p7). Additional services include printable maps, an easy 1. Microsoft Network, a major software developer, assisted Expedia. om by providing technological resources, to include premium web exposure, which played a major role in Expedia. com’s growth. 2. USA Networks, a media based operator, changed its name to USA Interactive upon completing its purchase of Expedia. com. USA Interactive also owns Expedia. com competitor Hotels. com (SJP, 2002). to maneuver website and 24/7 customer service. Along with success, Expedia. com endured its share of struggles. In early operations, Expedia faced several lawsuits, including one from competitor Priceline. om for infringing on a patented â€Å"name your price† service. Other competitors, such as Travelocity. com were heating things up by adding new features and services to their websites. Expedia. com’s defense was to play-up the features and services they already used by launching a major marketing campaign using tags like â⠂¬Å"Don’t just travel. Travel right,† and â€Å"Where do you want to go today? † (NetIndustries, p. 1). While the marketing campaign was a success, profit success was short-lived when some airlines stopped paying commissions to on-line travel agents, including Expedia. om. While competitors such as Priceline. com tagged on hefty $10. 00 surcharges to customers using airlines who didn’t pay commissions, Expedia was able to negotiate with several airlines in order to avoid charging additional fees to customers, while continuing to offer those airlines’ services without feeling too much of a punch (NetIndustries, . 1). Overcoming these challenges, Expedia continues its success by utilizing a product line pricing strategy, which entails offering a variety of products at ranged pricing, or bundling packages and charging accordingly. A mere 11 years old, Expedia. com has become established nationally as well as internationally. Today, Expedia. com’s success continues. It employs 1,758 people, and averages sales at an estimated $590 million (NetIndustries, p. 1). The future includes focusing on the business traveler, whose needs are being met by providing the widest range of products possible, and offering little comforts such as the Expedia. com Cafe3. Cornering the market with the best deals, Expedia. com will continue to lead the on-line travel industry without missing a beat.

Essay notes of mice and men discrimination Essay

â€Å"Jail Bate† George discriminates her beauty and gender because of the way she acts. â€Å"She screamed† Steinbeck portrays Curley’s wife to have been through some drama and terror which could suggest her reaction from discrimination. As Steinbeck does not name Curley’s wife this is Steinbeck’s opinion that she is irrelevant, this is yet another example of discrimination in some form. â€Å"Listen Nigger† this is an interesting quote that could suggest that Curley’s wife is discriminating Crooks, which is ironic because she is a victim of discrimination CROOKS QUOTES FOR DISCRIMINATION â€Å"Listen Nigger† this is a prime example of discrimination because of Crooks race â€Å"Cause I’m Black† this is yet another example of Crooks being discriminated as he replies to Lennie asking why he’s not allowed in the bunkhouse. â€Å"This is just a nigger talkin† here Steinbeck uses Crooks to show understanding the positives and negatives of being black e.g. no one will hold you for your actions. â€Å"The boss gave the stable buck hell† and â€Å"stable bucks a nigger† these two quotations emphasises the theme of discrimination of Race and how the context relates to how people were treated. (Slavery) â€Å"he woulda killed the nigger† here Candy is remembering a past memory but this is also links to the context of slavery. Here Steinbeck uses Foreshadowing as Curley’s wife dies later on in the novella. The name â€Å"Crooks† is a name given to the stable buck by Steinbeck because of his back which his discrimination of race which is why Steinbeck does not reveal his  name as Steinbeck has the opinion that he is irrelevant. â€Å"Guys don’t come into a coloured man’s room† here Crooks explain to Lennie how he is a victim of discrimination. LENNIE QUOTES DISCRIMINATION â€Å"crazy bastard† here George describes Lennie as â€Å"crazy† which reinforces why Lennie is mentally impaired. â€Å"Why ain’t you wanted?† Here Steinbeck shows lennie’s mental impairment to readers as he does not fathom the idea of racial discrimination. â€Å"you’d drink out of a gutter† here George emphasises Lennie being mentally impaired as George has the opinion that Lennie is not very sagacious. CANDY QUOTES DISCRIMINATION â€Å"They let the nigger come in† I can imply from this quote that Candy is relishing discrimination by joking about Crooks, which is ironic as he is also a victim of discrimination. â€Å"I been here a long time† this quote could suggest that Candy is a victim Ageism as Candy describes his time in Soledad as â€Å"long† which gives the image of old age. â€Å"wrist stump† this quote is an image which Steinbeck uses to show Candy’s disability. CONTEXT In the ranch where Lennie and George worked on was in Soledad, California which was where people went to chase their dreams it was known as the place of dreams. The Great Depression occurred between 1930-1936 meaning that most people were unemployed and money had been lost while banks had gone bust. This would have meant people who were discriminated e.g. disabled people or black people this could suggest that it was harder for them to live. LITERARY DEVICES SYMBOLSIM – rabbits representing Lennie’s dreams of owning land. IMAGERY – Steinbeck uses imagery before the introduction of each character to give them definition from one another and give the reader insight to what sort of character archetype they are . SIMILIE – â€Å"and flies shot like rushing stars.† This simile is used to show the conditions of the bunk house and how the workers were connected to nature. METAPHOR -â€Å"Lennie dabbed his big paw in the water† Lennie is metaphorically referred to as a bear because of his  large structure and his crushing strength. FORSHADOWING -All of the dead animals throughout the book, except Candy’s dog ; With every chapter, the death of living things increase in size, starting from a mouse, to a rat under the floorboards, to a puppy, to finally Curley’s wife and Lennie. Each death leads to a bigger one, foreshadowing that eventually, someone would die. CONNECTIVES For instance Significantly Partially Meanwhile Furthermore In addition In general Therefore However Thus Hence Alternatively Whereas As a result Consequently

Choose a Technology that you think should be improved or developed Essay

Choose a Technology that you think should be improved or developed - Essay Example This later saw other manufactures come in to the field of designing better vehicles rather than a horse drawn carriage which was fitted with engine. It was until the year 2005 that the USA led the world in total automobile production. Before the great depression in 1929, the whole world is known to have had approximately 32m automobiles in operation whereby, the US contributed to 90% of this total production. (Bajaria, 2001). An automobile is a wheeled motor vehicle whose role is to transport passengers and goods from one point to another which carries its own engine. We cannot fail to mention the role which these automobiles have played towards the growth of our economies. In the field of transport, goods and services can be transported from one region to another. Trade has been enabled here between countries since goods are exported and also imported hence customers are in a position to enjoy a wide variety of products in the market. Basically, automobiles are designed to run on roads, most of them have more than one wheels, and have seats for passengers to sit on. This is one of the advanced technologies so far. This is because, you find that it is out of the introduction of these cars then that people are in a position to move from one town to another and even from one country to another. This technology has many advantages than its disadvantages though it can also be improved. Most of these vehicles move on roads and our argument here will be based on the cars which move on roads. (Bajaria, 2001). Around the whole world, there are approximately 807 million light trucks and cars in our roads. This was out of a research which was carried in a sample of countries around the world in the year 2007 which were consuming over 260 billion US gallons of diesel and gasoline fuel around the year. The table below show how important this technology has been. In India, the table below shows

Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz - Case Study Example Starbucks has embraced a differentiation strategy at its business level of strategies (Geereddy, 2012). It provides products that cater for the needs of a specific targeted group of customers. The company offers tailor-made varieties of goods and services, and the premium prices. The company has more ways of differentiating products than most of its competitors since a customer gets an experience when he shops for coffee. They can thus charge a premium price. Starbucks focuses on innovation by continually introducing new products and coffee such as â€Å"instant coffee† Via. The instant coffee earned the company a sales growth of over 200 million. The new products are the force behind Starbuck’s evolution into a company that provides unique customer experience. The company tries to understand its target customers. Hence, they have grown globally as a number one choice for many clients. They provide a superior coffee to its clients. They value branding the image and product through word of mouth. As a result, they ensure their clients get a maximum experience in order to spread the word. They seek to understand the particular needs of an individual customer and serve him appropriately. For instance, they can allow customers to pay online or via phone if it is convenient for them (Starbucks Corporation, 2015). Starbucks applies demographic segmentation (categorizing markets by gender, age, ethnicity, income, and family life cycle). The company’s main target is men and women aged between 25-44 years. The market accounts for about a half of its total business. The company targets this group by offering special drinks that appeal to them. It further creates its business to be the third place to go between work and home by establishing unique and relaxing atmosphere. The next large group that Starbucks targets consist of young adults aged 18-24 years old. They account for about 40% of the company’s sales. Starbucks entice the young adults through the

Discussion - Pathology of the Cardiovascular System Essay

Discussion - Pathology of the Cardiovascular System - Essay Example Common symptoms include discomfort, aching, burning, pain, and fatigue in the lower muscles of the feet, thighs or calves. The symptoms at first may appear only during long walking distances, walking uphill or when walking faster. They then become persistent even with little or no exercise involving the legs. The legs become numb when the individual rests and the skin appearance turns pale. The touch of the legs is usually cold. Severe cases of PAD may lead to ulcers that do not heal, impotence, extreme pain when the legs are elevated and improvement when they are dangled, pain in the toes or feet even at the weight of bed sheets. The signs include loss of hair in the affected leg or feet, weak or no pulse in the limbs and a whooshing sound when a stethoscope examines the artery. In extreme cases, the signs are thick toenails, cyanosis, and shrinking of the calf muscles. Individuals’ self-care like balancing exercises and rest, reducing weight, quitting smoking, controlling blood pressure and monitoring blood sugar levels helps treat PAD. Medications like Aspirin or Clopidogrel, Cilostazol and pain relievers are used. In extremes, surgery may be performed with the options of peripheral artery bypass of the leg or angioplasty and stent placement of the

Theatre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Theatre - Essay Example The situation is further complicated by Catherine’s successful and bossy sister Claire (Hope Davis). As Gwyneth Paltrow who played Catherine in the stage version of this play, so her portrayal of Catherine with her volatile moods and her struggle to gain confidence in her talent is very convincing and realistic. The film is more of a heavy drama that requires a rapt attention and concentration on the part of the audience. Madden’s approach towards costume and set is not that deft. He fails to exploit the scattered settings at Robert’s home, with bits of paper spread around, and unattended dirty dishes, to throw light on the scattered and disturbed lives of the characters in the story. Still, there are many meaningful scenes in the story that bring out the darkly comical mindset of the characters. Overall Proof failed to achieve that depth and meaning on the screen, that it successfully approached in its stage version.

Summary and Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Summary and Response - Essay Example Malcolm X and his peers did not join the army because of the racial tensions between themselves and the whites. Whether or not these young African Americans were wearing these suits to be unpatriotic or to just have fun is the riddle of the Zoot. The working class of African Americans’ plight consisted of low paying, dirty, and dead end jobs which did little to inspire hard work. Many did work hard, while some like Malcolm X turned to illegal methods to make money. Either way, working class or criminal, to go out and have fun in a Zoot suit, with conked hair gave young people a way to relax. The use of Malcolm X to examine the riddle of Zoot by the author is an interesting choice. Whereas there are other famous Zoot suit wearers of the time who did not denounce their actions, Malcolm X scoffed as his days in a Zoot suit. Malcolm X seemed embarrassed by his days in a Zoot suit. This could be as the author suggested as shame because of his conversion to Islam, but in reality the opinion of this author is Malcolm X was ashamed of having fun when so much work needed to be done to advance his people. He must of thought about all the wasted time spent in jail, dancing at Roseland, and wearing his Zoot suit in his youth. If Malcolm X would have converted to Islam earlier or started to spread his message sooner, history could have been changed. This author thinks that Malcolm X felt that he wasted his youth and mourned his lost time. What Malcolm X did not realize is his Zoot suit days helped shape his views as much as his conversion to Islam. The injustices he saw, the injustices that forced him to turn to crime helped form his personality. These shameful memories helped Malcolm X become one of the greatest leaders of our time. During these times he was kid being shaped by his environment. Before learning the disciple of

ART-opinion paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ART-opinion paper - Essay Example The visit to the art gallery was a memorable one, since one could devote sufficient time to browsing and discussing unique aspects about the art pieces with the helpful attendant on duty at that time. Also, since the visit was during afternoon hours, there were few visitors around, and a leisurely viewing was possible. The glass-fronted facade of the gallery permits an exciting view into the interiors, which are well lit with the help of numerous focus lights from the dark ceiling. Inside the gallery, the interiors are designed for displaying art pieces at their best. Backgrounds in pastel shades such as peach walls and surfaces, and sky-blue stands hold Western contemporary and abstract paintings, graphite and pastel drawings, sculptures, photography, raku pottery, bowls, designer jewellery and blown glass art pieces, each unique and distinctive. The eclectic collection of art in several mediums and genres from various sources, artists and craftsmen, is representative of some of the best in creativity from the western world. All the artists associated with the art gallery are local and regional Denver artists who are highly talented, some of whom have been nationally and internationally recognized for their artistic abilities. These original art works are infused with the energy, knowledge and sp irit of the artists whose creative skills are captured as a moment in time. Artists develop their distinctive style or technique over several years of formal and informal training while progressively mastering their craft. The paintings of wild animals in their natural habitats such as a doe and her young fawn, those of nature, country scenes and extraordinary sky-scapes compete for space with urban life depicted through towering sky-scrapers and buildings. All the art works are worthy of gracing any distinguished home, office or other space. The intrinsic value of fine art increases progressively and is a good

The Musical Talents of Alexander Scriabin Assignment

The Musical Talents of Alexander Scriabin - Assignment Example It is important to note that the combination that brought the legato notes and staccato notes created the new performance in the Prelude Op. The notes make the tonal variation and rhythmic balances different from the Old Guard. Prelude OP. 11 is one of the admired pieces that many other composers have thought of performing because of the great composition that combined various components in music. Scriabin composition borrows its attributes from Beethoven and Mozart. Mozart and Beethoven projected short slurs with the rare crossing of lines (Chang 20). It is notable that Scriabin prolonged the slurs and crossed the lines to come up with a combination that was perfect. Critics have attributed the performance to Scriabin accident that led him to use the left hand more than the right hand (Damare 77). The notes played in the concerto are quite high and are unique because no composer or pianist had played such notes especially when using the left hand. The sterling tempo in the concerto Prelude 11 performance stunned many artists because it did not only increase its tempo towards the climax, but also the arrangement of note that created the effects. Critics observed that the tempo of the music often fluctuated but surprisingly remained stable without creating any disorder (Damare 79). The turbulent sound that streams due to the high notes played in the concerto did attract many viewers during Scriabin’s performances. Scriabin’s songs emulated Russian folk tunes, which had asymmetrical rhythms. The Preludes took the 5/8 motivic structures. Critics have observed that Scriabin concerto resembled the songs of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Igor Stravinsky, and Modest Mussorgsky (Chang 23). It is important to note that Scriabin did not perform his tunes the traditional way but incorporated the new ideas to sing notes that were higher than the traditional notes played on the piano. Scriabin used the piano to play his notes; although piano was not new to Scriabin or his audience, the concert music that he played had new notes which demonstrated a new style of performance. The Prelude OP. 11 comprises of new notes that his predecessors had not played. Scriabin’s childhood was very instrumental to his skills as a composer and a pianist. Born of a mother who was a pianist (though she died when he was one year old), Scriabin took piano lessons with Nikolai Zverev.  

In what ways has transatlantic slavery impacted on British society Essay

In what ways has transatlantic slavery impacted on British society (SOCIOLOGY) - Essay Example The early 17th century witnessed the dawn for the British to be considerably one of the most successful slavers in the Atlantic region. During these years, the kingdom emerged a key player in a commercial undertaking which â€Å"linked the economies of three continents, often called as the Triangular Trade† (UNESCO, 2010). Until the time arrived when the British could no longer stand the horrendous practice of slavery and decided then for its abolition. Economic Motives The main players in the triangular trade, England, Spain, Portugal, France, the Netherlands and the United States, among others, were not able to resist the commercial attractiveness of slavery and were drawn to do their best to benefit from it. Mainly driven by economic and political reasons, these fierce maritime and colonial powers ventured in the abduction and selling of African peoples, to enslave in their homes and plantations (Walvin, 2007). Sir John Hawkins, under the blessing of Queen Elizabeth 1, foll owed in the footprints of the Portuguese in navigating the western coastlines of Africa and enslaving people in the 1560s (Rodriguez, 1997). The Britons thought it was risky business, but they could not refuse the immense economic gains that awaited them. By fair and foul means, Britain outplayed its European rivals and became the premier slave trader until 1807. Major trading ports that dealt with this business were established in Bristol, Liverpool, Glasgow and London. Some other smaller British ports also followed suit. The number of vessels for slave trading were built in the nation’s several shipyards and sailed through the ‘Slave Coast’ carrying goods such as guns and other ammunition, textile and metals in exchange for human beings. For certain, the trade was an extremely lucrative business. The immense degree of consumption and productivity of the people is said to be its point of departure (Inikori & Engerman, 1992). Rise of Industrial Revolution As the ports in Bristol and Liverpool became prosperous and generated more jobs, so are the residents of both cities who invested their financial resources into developing several industries. This gargantuan industrial progress began in 1750 and continued for many decades. Some who obtained adequate sums of money sourced from the production of tobacco, sugar and cotton poured in their capital into warehouses, quaysides, factories, trading houses and banking institutions. Factories sprouted in the metropolis, particularly in textile and mills. Coal mines burgeoned in the rural areas, as well (Packer, 2007). Thus, the positive economic reverberations of the time were felt everywhere. This is in harmony with John Maynard Keynes economic theory which upholds the view that the â€Å"balance between supply and demand would ensure full employment† (Keynes, 2006: xvii). â€Å"The systemic operations instituted in slave trading, accordingly, were adapted and applied during this period† (Rice & Poulter, 2007). Thus, it is safe to infer that the workings in plantation slavery were the engines which drove the creation of the Industrial Revolution in Britain that influenced other countries of the Western hemisphere and the whole world to move along. The Modernisation Theory and the Theory of Social Development which uphold that progress and evolution of societies are irrepressible bear truth on this fact. Sugar and the British Cuisine The African

Belonging - A Clockwork Orange Essay Example for Free

Belonging A Clockwork Orange Essay The concept of belonging is essential. To belong is to form a connection which will allow a sense of identity, without this we lose our humanity; however, conformity is in a sense a facade of belonging, as it restrains our freedom and forces us to only mimic. My studied texts show how society demands us to conform, yet conformity prevents a sense of true identity being ever created. This notion is elaborated in the novel, A Clockwork Orange. Alex is a criminal who doesn’t belong anywhere within society. In the novel, the government attempts to suppress his criminality by physically preventing him from thinking of violence—thus making him conform to their standards. This is a prime example of how society attempts to make us conform to what is considered ‘normal’. Towards the end of the novel, the character F. Alexander tells Alex: â€Å"They have turned you into something other than a human being. You have no power of choice any longer. You are committed to socially acceptable acts, a little machine capable only of good. The quote shows us the central theme of the novel; if we cannot choose where we belong we lose our humanity—thus showing us the value of choice as well as the value of individuality. The metaphor and imagery of the title, a clockwork orange, symbolises what conformity does to a man. If we cannot choose where to belong we cease to be human but clockwork, or some type of mechanism. We need to be able to choose where we belong, for if it is not chosen its authenticity ceases. The novel ends with Alex choosing the path of goodness, the established normality of society. He states; â€Å"Perhaps I was getting too old now for the sort of life I had been leading, brothers† Alex chooses to belong to society, thus allowing a connection to be formed between him and the world. Conformity and the need to conform to a group or community is the central theme throughout both of the chosen texts I have studied, those being Strictly Ballroom and A Clockwork Orange. â€Å"Strictly Ballroom† also supports the fact that society attempts to make us conform to what is considered ‘normal’. The movie shows the disastrous effect conformity and fear have among members who gain their place inside the group at the price of conformity. Shirley Hastings, for example, lives a â€Å"life half-lived† cowering before what Barry Fife will say or think. She has let the Federation so dominate her that she has no respect for Doug and can only see her son Scott in terms of winning competitions. The movie represents belonging using a variety of techniques to distinguish between the world of artifice and the more realistic world. The image of the artificial world, shown as the ballroom world, is glitzy and colourful. Luhrmann has presented this world as having power, whereas the character of Fran, shown in plain clothes and reading glasses, is initially shown as powerless, because she does not conform to the ballroom world. The movie traces the shift from a world of false belonging dominated by conformity, fear and the cynical manipulations of the ultra-sleaze Barry Fife, towards the iconic last scene where the line between spectators and professional dancers blurs and is dissolved as Scott dressed in Spanish costume and Fran in Spanish-style red dress put passion back into dance, rescuing it from the deadening effect of the old brigade. Taking the similes of the two texts we can arrive at the conclusion that conformity allows us to become part of a functioning society but can in turn stifle individuality, expression and self-identity. I’ll leave you with two thoughts from â€Å"A Clockwork Orange†. â€Å"Goodness is something to be chosen. When a man cannot choose he ceases to be a man. † And so I ask you, ‘Is it better for a man to choose to be bad than to be conditioned to be good? † That is both the crux of the issues involved and the decision we must all, as individuals, make.

Flip Flop Circuit Explanation and Study

Flip Flop Circuit Explanation and Study A flip-flop is a term referring to an electronic circuit (a bistable multivibrator) that has two stable states and thereby is capable of serving as one bit of memory. Today, the term flip-flop has come to mostly denote non-transparent (clocked or edge-triggered) devices, while the simpler transparent ones are often referred to as latches; however, as this distinction is quite new, the two words are sometimes used interchangeably . A flip-flop is usually controlled by one or two control signals and/or a gate or clock signal. The output often includes the complement as well as the normal output. As flip-flops are implemented electronically, they require power and ground connections. Introduction Basic Flip-Flop Circuit A flip-flop circuit can be constructed from two NAND gates or two NOR gates. Each flip-flop has two outputs, Q and Q, and two inputs, set and reset. This type of flip-flop is referred to as an SR flip-flop or SR latch. The flip-flop in figure has two useful states. When Q=1 and Q=0, it is in the set state (or 1-state). When Q=0 and Q=1, it is in the clear state (or 0-state). The outputs Q and Q are complements of each other and are referred to as the normal and complement outputs, respectively. The binary state of the flip-flop is taken to be the value of the normal output. When a 1 is applied to both the set and reset inputs of the flip-flop in Figure 2, both Q and Q outputs go to 0. This condition violates the fact that both outputs are complements of each other. In normal operation this condition must be avoided by making sure that 1s are not applied to both inputs simultaneously. The NAND basic flip-flop circuit in figure operates with inputs normally at 1 unless the state of the flip-flop has to be changed. A 0 applied momentarily to the set input causes Q to go to 1 and Q to go to 0, putting the flip-flop in the set state. When both inputs go to 0, both outputs go to 1. This condition should be avoided in normal operation. Master-Slave Flip-Flop Introduction A master-slave flip-flop is constructed from two seperate flip-flops. One circuit serves as a master and the other as a slave. The logic diagram of an SR flip-flop is shown in figure.The master flip-flop is enabled on the positive edge of the clock pulse CP and the slave flip-flop is disabled by the inverter. The information at the external R and S inputs is transmitted to the master flip-flop. When the pulse returns to 0, the master flip-flop is disabled and the slave flip-flop is enabled. The slave flip-flop then goes to the same state as the master flip-flop. In addition to these two flip-flops, the circuit also includes an inverter. The inverter is connected to clock pulse in such a way that the inverted CP is given to the slave flip-flop. For example, if the CP=0 for a master flip-flop, then the output of the inverter is 1, and this value is assigned to the slave flip-flop. In other words if CP=0 for a master flip-flop, then CP=1 for a slave flip-flop. A master-slave flip flop can be constructed using any type of flip-flop which forms a combination with a clocked RS flip-flop, and with an inverter as slave circuit. An RS master-slave flip-flop consists of two RS flip-flops; one is the master flip-flop and the other a slave. The inverted CP is given to the slave flip-flop. Now when CP=0, the master flip-flop is disabled. So the external inputs R and S of the master flip-flop will not affect the circuit until CP goes to 1. The inverter output goes to 1 and it enables the slave flip-flop. The output Q=Y and Q=Y. When CP=1, the master flip-flop is enabled and the slave flip-flop remains isolated from the circuit until CP goes back to 0. Now Y and Y depends on the external inputs R and S of the master flip-flop. Assume that the flip-flop is in a clear state and no clock pulse is applied to the circuit. The external inputs given are S=1 and R=0. This input will not affect the state of the system until the CP=1. Now the next clock pulse applied should change the state to SET state (S=1, R=0). During the clock pulse transition from 0 to 1, the master flip-flop goes to set state and changes the output Y to 1. However this does not affect the output of the system since the slave flip-flop is isolated from the system (CP=0 for slave). So no change is observed at the output of the system. When the CP returns to 0, the master flip-flop is disabled while the slave is enabled. So the information from the master is allowed to pass through to the slave. Since Y=1, this changes the output Q to 1. In a master slave flip-flop it is possible to change the output of the flip-flop and the external input with same clock pulse. This is because the external input S can be changed at the same time while the pulse goes through its negative edge transition. When CP=0, change in external input S would not affect the state of the system. From this behavior of the master slave flip-flop it is quite clear that the state change in flip-flops coincide with the negative edge transition of the pulse. Negative edge transition means an inverter is attached between the CP terminal and the input of the slave. In positive edge triggered master slave flip-flops an additional inverter is attached between the CP terminal and the input of the master. Such flip-flops are triggered with negative pulses. Negative edge of the pulse affects the master and positive edge affects the slave. Timing Diagram The timing relationship is shown in figure and is assumed that the flip-flop is in the clear state prior to the occurrence of the clock pulse. The output state of the master-slave flip-flop occurs on the negative transition of the clock pulse. Some master-slave flip-flops change output state on the positive transition of the clock pulse by having an additional inverter between the CP terminal and the input of the master. Let us say that a clock of certain frequency is fed to the FF, and consider the case of JK being 11. The propagation delay of FF is very very less than the clock pulse time.The FF continues complementing the output an unpredictable number of times, thus leading to anomaly in the final output after the pulse time of the clock is completed.At the end the clock pulse, the value of O is uncertain.This continuous toggling of output when clock is HIGH is known asRace Around condition. This can be eliminated by Clock time should be less than the propagation delay time of the latch. By using Masterslave JK Flip flop. Pulse-Triggered Master-Slave These flip-flops are constructed from two separate flip-flops. The term pulse-triggered means that data are entered into the flip-flop on the leading edge of the clock pulse, but the output does not reflect the input state until the trailing edge of the clock pulse. This is due to the master flip-flop being rising edge triggered and the slave flip-flop being falling edge triggered as illustrated in the figure below. Master-Slave J-K Flip-Flop A master slave flip flop is a cascade of two S R flip flops with feedback from the outputs of the second to the inputs of the first. Positive clock pulses are applied to the first flip flop and clock pulses are inverted before these are applied to the second flip flop. The logic symbol for the master-slave flip-flop only indicates the initial inputs to the master and the outputs from the slave as indicated by the J-K master-slave flip-flop shown in figure Operation of master-slave J-k flip flop Whe CK=1, the first flip flop is enabled and the outputs Q and Q(toggle) respond to the J K according to its truth table.At this time the second flip flop is inhibited because its clock is LOW. When CK goes LOW, the first flip flop is inhibited and the second flip flop is enabled, because now its clock isHIGH.Since the second flip flop simply follows the first one it is referred to as slave and he first one as the master. Master-slave D flip-flop Consider the following terms: RIPPLE THROUGH: An input changes level during the clock period, and the change appears at the output. PROPAGATION DELAY: The time between applying a signal to an input, and the resulting change in the output. These problems can be overcome by masterslave D Flip flop. A master-slave D flip-flop is created by connecting two gated D latches in series, and inverting the enable input to one of them. It is called master-slave because the second latch in the series only changes in response to a change in the first (master) latch. The term pulse-triggered means that data is entered on the rising edge of the clock pulse, but the output does not reflect the change until the falling edge of the clock pulse. It responds on the negative edge of the enable input usually a clock. For a positive-edge triggered master-slave D flip-flop, when the clock signal is low (logical 0) the enable seen by the first or master D latch (the inverted clock signal) is high (logical 1). This allows the master latch to store the input value when the clock signal transitions from low to high. As the clock signal goes high (0 to 1) the inverted enable of the first latch goes low (1 to 0) and the value seen at the input to the master latch is locked. Nearly simultaneously, the twice inverted enable of the second or slave D latch transitions from low to high (0 to 1) with the clock signal. This allows the signal captured at the rising edge of the clock by the now locked master latch to pass through the slave latch. When the clock signal returns to low (1 to 0), the output of the slave latch is locked, and the value seen at the last rising edge of the clock is held while the master latch begins to accept new values in preparation for the next rising clock edge. By removing the leftmost inverter in the above circuit, a D-type flip flop that strobes on the falling edge of a clock signal can be obtained. The truth table obtained is as follows: CONVENTIONS: The circuit is set means output = 1 The circuit is reset means output = 0 Flip-flops have two output Q and Q or (Q and Q) Due to time related characteristic of the flip-flop, Q and Q (or Q) are usually represented as followed: Qt or Q: present state Qt+1 or Q+: next state POINTS TO REMEMBER: When using a real flip-flop, the following information is needed to be considered: propagation delay (tpLH, tpHL) time needed for an input signal to produce an output signal minimum pulse width (tw(min)) minimum amount of time a signal must be applied setup and hold time (tsu, th) minimum time the input signal must be held fixed before and after the latching action. USES: A flip-flop is used to store one bit, or binary digit, of data. Any one of the flip-flop types can be used to build any of the others. Many logic synthesis tools will not use any other type than D flip-flop and D latch. Level sensitive latches cause problems with Static Timing Analysis (STA) tools and Design For Test (DFT). Many FPGA devices contain only edge-triggered D flip-flops The data contained in several flip-flops may represent the state of a sequencer, the value of a counter, an ASCII character in a computers memory or any other piece of information. One use is to build finite state machines from electronic logic. The flip-flops remember the machines previous state, and digital logic uses that state to calculate the next state. Frequency division: a chain of T flip-flops as described above will also function to divide an input in frequency by 2n, where n is the number of flip-flops used between the input and the output. Master Slave Flip Flop is useful in eliminating race around condition. They are used in both asynchronous and clocked sequential systems.

Dawn Bread Company Analysis

Dawn Bread Company Analysis Company Profile Dawn Bread Dawn Bread is amongst the leading bakers of the world, and are committed to constantly upgrading quality, health standards and nutritional values. Dawn Bread have brought one of the worlds most technologically advanced baking units to Pakistan and the use of quality ingredients and an advanced production process ensure that its consumers have purchased a fresh and wholesome product of world class standard. Dawn Breada name that has come to signify quality and freshness in bread products. A success story that was written by a family that is committed to honest to goodness enterprise and concerned with the prosperity of the country. The enterprise, which made a humble beginning in late 1981, has, within a decade, grown to capture 35% of the consolidated market share of all bread products in the country, a fact that speaks volumes about the credibility of the company and its products. Prior to the establishment of Dawn Bread, the largest producer of bread products was the public sector. However, this sector could not cope with the demands of the consumer and this when, perceiving a change in the eating habits of Pakistanis, Dawn Bread was envisioned. Beginning with the plant in Karachi, commissioned in October 1981, Dawn Bread built-up a reputation for freshness, quality and taste. Creating awareness plus a demand for bread products, the second plant was commissioned in Islamabad in January 1985. Nothing succeeds like success, so next came the plant in Hyderabad in January 1987, a year that was to also witness the establishment of another plant at Lahore, in November 1987. In 1989 we established the plant at Multan. After consolidating this expansion, the sixth plant was commissioned at Faisalabad in February 1992. Now our customers can find Dawns quality and freshness from the southern tip of Pakistan to the Northern city of Peshawar. For purpose of standardization, the company associated itself with FMBRA of United Kingdom in 1990 to bring itself in line with international standards of production, technology, machinery and formulation Now, all theDawn Breadplants boast of the latest machinery used in the bread-making process. They are managed by senior food technologists with decades of experience, while those manning the machinery are provided on the job training in congenial working conditions. Taking a responsible place in society, the company is committed to the uplift and development of the society as a whole, and participates in sports and social welfare activities. Products of Dawn Bread Dawn Bread is amongst the leading bakers of the Pakistan, and is committed to constantly upgrading quality, health standards and nutritional values. Dawn Bread have brought one of the worlds most technologically advanced baking units to Pakistan and the use of quality ingredients and an advanced production process ensure that its consumers have purchased a fresh and wholesome product of world class standard. Dawn Bread has good range of products mainly categorized into Breads, Buns, Sweets, Frozen and other. Following is the description of products of Dawn Bread: Breads Product Description Multigrain Dawns Multigrain bread brings you Natures Best in a perfectly soft, grainy and textured loaf . Baked from a special combination of imported grains, full of natural flavor aroma, this premium bread is a perfect companion to any meal, snack, sandwich or just by itself. Fresh Wholesome Goodness for the whole family to enjoy! Bran Bread Dawns Bran Bread freshly baked for health conscious customers. This bread contributes towards the daily intake of fiber to help maintain the right balanced diet. Milky Bread Made by the addition of milk, this oven fresh aromatic bread is made so that each slice contains the richest of texture and gives that extra taste. Plain White Bread This freshly baked and nutritious bread was one of the first products to be introduced in the Pakistani market by Dawn Bread. Fortified Bread Freshly baked and wholesome, this bread contributes to the recommended daily intake of essential nutrients that form a major component of a healthy and balanced diet. Made from the finest ingredients, this multi purpose bread can be used for breakfast, lunch, dinner, snacks or whenever, with whatever you like. Buns Product Description Hot Dog Buns Hot Dog Buns are growing in popularity by the day. Baked using the strictest of quality standards, our tasty product is made to be the freshest hot dog bun available in the Pakistani market. Fruity Buns An all time favorite breakfast alternative commonly known as Maska Bun, our Fruit bun still carries that distinct taste perfected by Dawn. Served with a luxuriant layer of butter or just by itself, the taste of this sweet treat will not let you down. Burger Buns Our Oven fresh buns are a treat by themselves. Baked by using only the very finest of ingredients, and perfected by years of experience in the baking field, these aromatic buns make the perfect burgers. We also take pride in the fact that we are the official bakers in Pakistan for the largest fast food chain in the world Sweets Product Description Strawberry Vanila Cake Strawberry Vanila flavored cakes made with only the best of ingredients. These little delights are simply a must have, good things do come in small packages. Short Cake Sometime called Ship Cake, is best choice for tea parties and snacks. One of the most popular products of Dawn Bread in Cake category. Pineapple Cake Cup Shaped cake flavored with pineapple and with only the best of ingredients. Mango Cake Mango Cake is tasty cup shaped cake full of mango flavor, best in all seasons. Fresh and likeable product of Dawn Bread Cup Cake Simple tasty cup shaped cakes made with only the best of ingredients. Frozen Product Description DAWN PARATHA FROZEN PARATHA PREPARED ON PLANT In line with Dawns philosophy of continues innovation, we are proud to be the first to introduce DAWNs PARATHA. Our paratha provides the best of both worlds, giving the same home cooked tasted while providing the most convenient preparation method possible. Other Product Description DAWN RUSK The first packaged crispy rusks to be made available in the Pakistani market. Made under hygienic conditions and packaged to retain their freshness and taste. Try our rusk with tea or coffee today. Export Products of Dawn Bread Dawn Bread also has number of export food products under category of Frozen Dough of different type with tag name Mezban. Dawn Bread amongst the leading bakers of the world, and are committed to constantly upgrading quality, health standards and nutritional values. Dawn Bread use of quality ingredients and an advanced production process ensure that its consumers have purchased a fresh and wholesome product of world class standard. Export Products and Description Aloo Paratha Griddle-fried Potato stuffed flat breads are called Aloo Parathas The stuffing is made with mouth watering exotic potatos prepared with different herbs and spices. For a simple, rich indulgence eat it plain or top a freshly made hot parantha with a dollop of whipped butter or mint chutney. Enjoy! Sheermal Sheermal is a sweet flat bread baked in clay ovens which gives it a unique aroma and texture.It can be eaten plain or with any curry of your choice. Enjoy! Puri Puri is a thin flat bread which after deep frying turns into a crispy golden brown bread. Puri can be served with pickles, spicy potato and chickpee curry or any other meal of your choice Enjoy! Chatpata Mix Vegetable Samosa Mix vegetable samosa is a traditional Pakistani savory pastry stuffed with spicy vegetables.This aromatic appetizer is a perfect harmony of flavor and texture. Stuffed with Potatoes, Peas, Cauliflower,Coriander and a wonderful mix of spices, these samosas are an exotic finger food choice for any occasion. Chatpata Potato Samosa Potato samosa is a traditional Pakistani savory pastry stuffed with spicy mashed potatoes. This aromatic appetizer is a perfect harmony of flavor and texture. Stuffed with potatos, Onions and wonderful spices, these samosas are an exotic finger food choice for any occasion. Chai Paratha Capture the spirit and essence of the Peshawari Chai Paratha as made by Pathan dhabas (cafà ©s) all over. This regional delicacy has been prepared as per the original recipe using only the very finest of ingredients to give you an authentic mouthwatering experience. The original aroma and taste! Takes only minutes to serve!!! Whole Wheat Paratha Regular consumption of fiber is associated with risk reduction of coronary heart disease. In general, soluble fiber (of which oats are a good source) is the dietary fiber most linked to a reduction of cholesterol levels. Dawns Whole Wheat Paratha is prepared with the finest of whole wheat flour, oat bran and margarine to give you the same great tasting paratha, but better suited to a healthy lifestyle. Roghni Kulcha The Kulcha is a traditional unleavened whole wheat bread baked in a clay tandoor (Oven). The distinct smoky flavour of the Kulcha is the result of the moisture dripping onto the hot charcoal in a traditional tandoor. The Naan is pressed against the sides of the pot with the use of a small pillow and is cooked by conducted heat. Incidentally, the familiar tear shape of Naan bread comes from the dough dripping down the sides of the tandoor. Good with any dish bring the tandoor to your table today. Tandoori Roti Tandoori Roti all time best choice for dinner and lunch. Tafan Frozen Taftan product of Dawn Bread with all best ingredients for traditional lunch and dinner. Dawn Bread Product Ingredient Chart Sheet Dawn Bread use quality ingredients and an advanced production process to ensure that its consumers have purchased a fresh and wholesome product of world class standard. Dawn Bread Product Distribution Network in Pakistan Dawn groupsdistribution network comprises of over two hundred company owned vehicles in a distribution system spread all over Pakistan. On a daily basis, Dawn Bread distributes its goods to over a 10,000 retail outlets. This makes Dawn Bread one of the largest distribution networks for any product in Pakistan. Dawn Bread distribute in almost all the major metropolitan areas, secondary metropolitan areas as well as the rural parts of the country. Dawn Bread network has been in the business of touching each of our 10,000 retail customers on a daily basis for the past twenty years. Distribution Network of Dawn Bread in Pakistan can be studied by dividing it into five parts based on its five plants in Pakistan at Karachi, Hyderabad, Faisalabad, Lahore and Rawalpindi in Sindh and Punjab province of Pakistan, respectively as shown in diagram. Plant-wise Distribution Areas of Dawn Bread Dawn Bread Export Product Distribution Network Dawn Bread exports its quality products to different countries of the world namely Alaska, Canada, United States of America, Norway, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Netherlands, Germany, South Africa, Saudia Arabia, Japan as shown in below diagram of Dawn Bread world wide distribution network. In United States of America, distribution network future break down into distribution areas as follow  · Washington  · Oregon  · Idaho  · Nevada  · California  · Texas  · Oklahoma  · Illinois  · Wisconsin  · Michigan  · Indiana  · Ohio  · Virginia  · New York  · Massachusetts  · Connecticut  · New Jersey . Maryland

student :: essays research papers

The earliest known measurement from the earth to sun was in 200 B.C. Aristarchus of Samos, a man of astronomy and Mathematics, made this discovery. He believed the Earth revolved around the Sun. Aristarchus of Samos used what is known today as right-angle trigonometry. By connecting Earth to Moon, Moon to Sun, and Sun to Earth, one forms a right triangle as shown below. The measure of angle â€Å"a† is 90 °; an observer on Earth can then measure the angle measure of â€Å"b†. Then for one to find the distance between Earth and Sun simply find the sine of angle â€Å"c.† Aritarchus of Samos would have expressed this a little differently for the sole fact of modern Trigonometry had not yet been discovered. Although this is strong in theory, it had its downfalls. This method in was proven to be very inaccurate. The Earth to Moon ratio is very small compared to the Earth to Sun ratio, which leads one to infer that angle â€Å"a† would measure close to 90 °. With the measure of angle â€Å"b† is close to 90 °; which would leave angle â€Å"c† very small. If a small human error occurs in measuring angle â€Å"b,† one is left with an emasculate error in the ratio of Earth to Moon over Earth to Sun. In modern trigonometry, it is describe as 1/(sin c)2 , which is very large when â€Å"c† is small. Aristarchus measured angle â€Å"b† as 87 °, but in fact was 89 ° 50 minutes. Although this error seems small, it leads to a 95% error. Aristarchus believes the Earth to Moon over Earth to Sun measured 19, but in all reality is measured as 397. But all in all Aristarchus of Samos was the first to mathematically set the spatial scale of cosmos. During the time of Kepler, most people still believed the Earth was the center of the Universe. Copernicus, in 1543, published his book, De Revolutionibus, states the Sun is the center of the Universe, and the planets orbit around, yet he didn’t know how the planets did so. In 1601, Kepler became the proud owner of Tycho Brache’s, an astronomer whom Kepler was an assistant for, meticulous measurements of planets, stars and sun that Brache had gathered in his last 38 years.

The Effective Use of Symbols in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Lette

The Effective Use of Symbols in Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter Webster defined "symbol" with these words: "Something concrete that represents or suggests another thing that cannot in itself be pictured." This concept has been particularly applied to literature and used by writers throughout history. Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter uses multitudes of symbols in such a manner. One of the most prominent, and most complicated, of such symbols is the scarlet letter "A". The scarlet letter "A" is a symbol of a daughter's connection to her mother, isolation, and the devil and its associations. The scarlet letter represents Pearl's emotional attachment to Hester. For instance, Pearl is as deeply affectionate to the letter as she is to her mother. In chapter ten, Pearl takes "a handful of [burrs], [and she arranged] them along the lines of the scarlet letter." In this instance, Pearl is showing her fondness for her mother by decorating her letter - as if the letter itself were a medium between the two. Additionally, Pearl views the letter and her mother as equals. During chapter fourteen, Hester decides to remove her letter while in the forest. Thus, Pearl is reluctant to approach her. Hester, realizing what is wrong, says, "Pearl misses that which she has always seen me wear." After she returns the letter her bosom, "Pearl kissed [Hester's] brow and both cheeks ... but ... Pearl put up her mouth, and kissed the scarlet letter too. (Hawthorne)" Because of the fact that Pearl equates the letter to her mother, the letter is as deep a symbol of motherly connection as Hester is herself. In addition to emotional attachment, the scarlet letter represents isolation. Whoever wears the letter will be feared by so... ...references to the devil and Hell make it clear that the letter is indeed infernal. The scarlet letter "A", the most intricate symbol in the novel, is extremely diverse as its meanings strongly contrast. Often times, these meanings of the symbol are directly stated, but they are frequently indirect as well. The symbol's meaning can also be expressed through a variety of methods such as character dialogue, narrative, or allusions through imagery. Despite the differences between maternal love, estrangement, and avernal entities, the letter is still able to encompass these concepts into its symbolism. Works Cited Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. Langenscheidt's Pocket Merriam-Webster Dictionary. New York: Langenscheidt Publishers, Inc, 1999. Springfield, Massachusetts: Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, 1997.

A simple index number :: Economics

A simple index number Index numbers is a number that expresses the relative change in price, quantity, or value from one period to another (1). Price index number = cost of basket in current period x 100 cost of basket in base period An index number provides a quantitative description of change over time - how much increase? How much decrease? Market researchers are also using index numbers are also using index numbers to compare a research result with an overall norm, to measure how the investment, specially in advertising industry, are working. How changes in these figures are related to the current economy as advertising is promoted as an engine that drives the economy rather than a supplement? 2. A composite index 2.1 Laspeyres Price Index The most commonly used weighted price index is the Laspeyres Price Index named after its inventor. It is a weighted aggregate price index that uses the quantities in the base period/ year as weights (Harper, 1991,p215). In essence, Laspeyres price index for the year measured shows the extent of price changes since base year on the assumption that the expenditure pattern was the same in the year measured as in base year. Thus, only price is allowed to change and the index for the current period reflects this price. 2.2 Paasche Price Index Another weighted price index is the Paasche Price Index, which uses the current quantity weights and adjusts the base each time a new period is considered. It is a weighted aggregate price index that uses the quantities in the current year as the weights (Harper, 1991,p215). Paasche price index shows the changes assuming the expenditure pattern was the same in base year as in the year measured. 2.3 Advantages and Limitations Both the Laspeyres index and the Paasche index have advantages and limitations, as indicated following: 2.3.1 Advantages Laspeyres index  · Easy to calculate.  · The Laspeyres index is the more convenient to use on a continuing basis, because the weights of base year remain fixed.  · It can be easier and cheaper to produce since the only quantities required are for the base period.  · Laspeyres where the same base weights can be used for a number of periods making it less demanding of data. As the weights don't change period to period (fixed basket) it can be considered to show exclusively price (or quantity) change (1). Paasche index -------------  · Uses quantities from the current period, thus reflects current buying habits 2.3.2 Limitations Laspeyres index  · It cannot be used if quantities are unobtainable.  · Laspeyres, as time moves on the fixed basket becomes less relevant. Paasche index  · There can be a mass of statistical data requirement, as Paasche

Ken Wilber

The man who, for many years, has been acknowledged by colleagues as the leading theoretician of consciousness and transpersonal psychology, Ken Wilber, was born in 1948 in Oklahoma City, to two devoted parents. Wilber's intellect has been hailed as truly extraordinary in its penetrating, synthesizing, and discriminative capacities. His knowledge of psychology, philosophy, sociology, comparative religion, mysticism, anthropology, and even â€Å"hard† sciences such as biochemistry and physics is virtually encyclopedic, but, most importantly, he has personal experience with the states and levels of consciousness about which he writes.Although he certainly should not be viewed as only an intellectual, his affinity for the mental and spiritual realms, as opposed to the bodily and emotional realms, is clear. Likewise, although his passion is greater for transpersonal than prepersonal and personal stages of development, he has nonetheless consistently emphasized the dire need to reco gnize and embrace a full-spectrum view of consciousness and humanity's place therein.Life and Major WorksWilber grew up in Lincoln, Nebraska. His father was an air force officer. As a youth, he was absorbed in the world of natural sciences, biology, chemistry and mathematics. Referring to his late high-school and early college days, Wilber notes, â€Å"My mental youth was an idyll of precision and accuracy, a fortress of the clear and evident.† (Wilber 58) His encounter with the Tao-te-Ching changed everything: â€Å"It was as if I were being exposed, for the very first time, to an entirely new and drastically different world -a world beyond the sensical, a world outside of science, and therefore a world quite beyond myself.† (Wilber 58)From here on, the investigation of the world beyond the personal self yet accessible to human consciousness became a passion that involved not just Wilber's intellect but his entire being. Beginning in his early twenties and continuing to this day, he has taken up training in various contemplative practices such as Zen and Dzogchen (a form of Tibetan Buddhism) that would enable him to walk the terrain he charts in his writings.Wilber dropped out of graduate studies in biochemistry to devote himself fulltime to the pursuit of his research and writing about consciousness. His first major book, The Spectrum of Consciousness written in 1977, was a synthesis of Western psychological theories and therapies with Eastern spiritual disciplines. From this time onward, Wilber supported himself by his own writings, living outside of institutional affiliations and commitments, free to develop and express his own ideas, free to live a lifestyle of contemplation and writing. To balance mental and spiritual work with embodied living, he at times engaged in manual labor, such as working in gas stations (Wilber 88).Several books and over a hundred journal articles soon appeared. The Atman Project 1980 set forth a vastly expanded fr amework for human development from infancy to adulthood and beyond into transpersonal stages described by diverse contemplative disciplines. Up from Eden (1981b) presented a detailed map of the evolution of the human mind and consciousness within this framework. The popular No Boundary (1981a), explains Wilber's early ideas in a highly readable style, while some of his more technical works such as Eye to Eye: The Questfor the New Paradigm for the New Paradigm (1990a) discuss the epistemological bases of knowing in the various sciences and how these could be expanded to accommodate the fun spectrum of consciousness.Wilber's ideas, larger than life and expressed through a powerful and often sharply critical writing style, have left few readers neutral or indifferent. Over the years he has engaged in lively debates with people who have taken issue with his controversial ideas, including other prominent theorists in transpersonal psychology. Most of these debates were carried on in the pages of journals and in his most recent books. Few of his colleagues in transpersonal and consciousness studies have met him in person. To their chagrin, Wilber guards his privacy carefully and rarely makes an appearance in public.He initially accepted invitations to teach, lecture, and give interviews but then quickly pulled back from such activity, as he felt thrown off center by the attention and admiration from his audiences. Regarding this experience, Wilber said in an interview, â€Å"What you get are a lot of people telling you how great you are. Within a short time, you start believing them, and then you're headed for disaster. I simply did not feel competent to appear in public as a teacher† (Schwartz 186). Getting Wilber to agree even to an interview is not easy. Yet when he does give his time, he gives generously, and to his small circle of close friends. Wilber is known as a devoted friend who can be warm, charming, and funny (Schwartz 204).Wilber's first marriag e to his best friend Amy Wagner in 1972 lasted for nine years, after which they parted ways amicably. Two years later Wilber met and married Treya Killam. One week after the wedding, she was diagnosed with breast cancer. The next five years were spent battling a relentless cancer that eventually claimed her life. During those five years Wilber set aside most of his writing and devoted himself full-time to nurturing Treya and, eventually, to helping her to die. Grace and Grit (1991), which appeared two years after her death, provides a moving account of the emotional and spiritual struggles and transformations in both Wilber and Treya during those trying years.The long hiatus in Wilber's writing ended in 1995 with the publication of the first volume of a planned three-volume series, Sex, Ecology, and Spirituality: The Spirit of Evolution (SES) (1995b). This 800 page volume was soon followed by two shorter companion works, A Guide to Sex, Ecology, Spirituality (1995a) and A Brief Hist ory of Everything (1996). A new chapter had just begun in Wilber's writing career. Up to this point, the emphasis had been largely on the upward movement of evolution, but in SES the upward movement is balanced by the movement downward: Spirit ascending to higher unities is at the same time Spirit descending to embrace and integrate the manifold of phenomena. By Wilber's own estimation SES is his first mature work. It offers an integral vision that encompasses practically everything humans have ever sought to know or be.Wilber’s IdeasTranspersonal TheoryKen Wilber has been the most influential theorist in transpersonal psychology. Wilber's developmental model in The Atman Project has the advantage of meshing with developmental psychology and extending it to transpersonal growth. Wilber says that people move through three life stages: pre-personal, personal, and transpersonal growth. The pre-personal stage begins at birth, before a personality is developed.From birth to adoles cence the task is to build a personality. In the personal stage the individual's task is to use the personality in work, relationships, and mature life in the world. In the transpersonal stage, usually beginning in adult life, the person begins to move beyond the external world and explore the inner reaches of the self and spiritual realities. The ultimate purpose is to attain the state of oneness or unity with the consciousness of the universe. Wilber contends that the growth toward these levels of being is a natural movement of the self, an inward arc in contrast to the outward arc that relates to the external world.The Spectrum of DevelopmentDevelopment, for Wilber, extends from inanimate matter and primitive life forms through the developmental stages of human consciousness to its farthest reaches as manifested by the mystics and sages of various Eastern and Western spiritual traditions. The stages leading to mature adulthood are familiar enough. They have been charted by theori sts such as Jean Piaget, Erik Erikson, Lawrence Kohlberg, and various psychoanalysts. Wilber draws especially from Piaget for the un-foldment of the cognitive and mental capacities and integrates these with the dynamic theories of object-relations psychoanalysis.Wilber identifies four transpersonal stages beyond mature adulthood: psychic, subtle, causal, and ultimate. Through these stages the sense of self or identity becomes more and more flexible and inclusive as self-centrism or narcissism continues to decrease, until at the highest stages of transpersonal development even the subtlest and most inclusive self-structurations are transcended in a sense of identity and connectedness that embraces all.At each stage things can go wrong, and so there is a spectrum of pathology corresponding to the spectrum of development all the way up to the highest transpersonal stages. Wilber discusses treatment modalities for each pathology and calls attention to the importance of correctly discern ing levels of pathology for example pre-personal or transpersonal so that appropriate treatment can be chosen. For example, he argues that meditation may not be suitable for borderline and other pre-personal pathologies, whereas for an existential depression or â€Å"dark night of the soul† that may occur in the lower transpersonal stages meditation may be a successful method of treatment.The charting of transpersonal development is undoubtedly Wilber's most controversial project. It implies that human development is open ended and that some individuals are â€Å"farther along† in development than other people, or that at any given time some people, and perhaps some cultures, have a more encompassing sense of self and a greater capacity for integrating the spectrum of consciousness than others. A number of cultural anthropologists, feminists, and ecophilosophers have criticized Wilber's theory in this regard. Certainly, the idea of development beyond â€Å"the average well-adjusted† is not new; it was celebrated in Maslow's notion of the self-actualizer. But in proposing developmental stages beyond self-actualization, Wilber is venturing into ever more rarified realms of human experience where the stakes are set high yet evidence is hard to come by.Nevertheless, it seems fair to say that Wilber's transpersonal stages have opened up the horizon far beyond anything conceived in Western scientific psychology. This horizon had been there all along, of course, and through the centuries it was explored by the mystics and seers whose anecdotal accounts, couched in religious symbolism and interpretations, only helped to shroud it in impenetrable mystery. For consciousness researchers, Wilber offers a greatly expanded paradigm of scientific inquiry. For those on a spiritual quest, he provides a map for the road.The Three Eyes of KnowingThe paradigm of consciousness research has been too narrowly modeled after the empirical sciences, argues Wilber. It can be significantly expanded once we realize that the eye of flesh, that is, our senses aided by laboratory instruments, is just one of the possible ways in which knowledge is gathered. We also have the eye of reason that understands the meaning of text, cultural symbols, and mathematical equations as well as the meaning of the data the eye of flesh observes. Beyond reason, says Wilber, there is the eye of contemplation that intuits directly the nature of reality and of the meanings deciphered by the eye of reason.The Pre/Trans FallacyAnother important concept of Wilber's that helps clear up misunderstandings regarding the transpersonal domain is what he calls the â€Å"pre/trans fallacy.† This is the failure to distinguish between primitive phenomena of early developmental stages, on the one hand, and insights and experiences that transcend the egoic mode of rational consciousness, on the other. Both types of phenomena are, in their own ways, â€Å"nonrational† an d â€Å"nonegoic,† and this is why they can appear similar or even identical. But phenomena of the first type are â€Å"prerational† or â€Å"preegoic,† whereas phenomena of the second type are â€Å"transrational† or â€Å"transegoic.†The pre/trans fallacy can occur in two ways. In the first, â€Å"trans† is reduced to â€Å"pre.† Freud's interpretation of the â€Å"oceanic feeling† associated with mystical experience as an irrational, regressive urge to return to the womb is a classic example of such a reduction. In general, the dismissal of all spiritual insights as regressive exemplifies the reductionist form of the pre/trans fallacy. In the second form of the fallacy, â€Å"pre† is elevated to â€Å"trans.† The elevationist form of the pre/trans fallacy is evident in the various ways in which prerational experience and modes of expression are promoted in the name of higher personal growth.Wilber's discussion of the pre/trans fallacy may well be one of his most useful practical contributions to the growing numbers of people searching for a spiritual path or engaging in some form of contemplative practice (Schwartz 260). Often the spiritual search masks primitive longings rooted in early developmental deprivations. On the other hand, sometimes an apparent psychotic break signals a major spiritual breakthrough. An insight into the pre/trans fallacy helps spiritual questers as well as therapists to be more discerning of the nature of the beast they are dealing with.Holism: Restoring Connectedness in the WorldIn his more recent writings, Wilber has articulated his philosophy of holism. To be truly holistic, the vision of a whole must include everything, including itself. But more important, it must integrate and connect all that it embraces. So the issue is not holism versus atomism, but fractured ness versus connectedness. Furthermore, the solution cannot be a matter of articulating the bes t and most holistic position, for this still leaves out the person proposing or accepting the position. Rather, what is required is a transformation of consciousness within the person, within all of us that shifts the viewpoint from the exterior increasingly to the interior and on to a superior view that is ever more inclusive and connected.Wilber has sounded a powerful call for us to awaken to the evolutionary process taking place within us, within the universe, not in some distant future but right now (Puhakka 152). This evolution is fundamentally open and creative and therefore, at every turn, incomplete and uncertain. We live in systems within systems, contexts within contexts, of indefinitely expanding structures of experiences, meanings, and relationships. These systems are constantly sliding and the contexts shifting, says Wilber.The vision of an open universe unfolding and enfolded upwards and downwards without end effectively removes all bases for certainty and completeness . For many people, the postmodern quicksand world spells despair and a sense of being lost in the ever-shifting contexts that claim power of determination over meaning and values and render human lives pointless and empty.The absolutizing of context is an unfortunate, even if unintended, legacy of much of postmodern thought. Wilber sees the emphasis on context as being appropriate but not going deep enough: We must recognize that the contexts themselves are shifting and evolving, along with everything else. The evolution, we are a part of excludes nothing, not even the contexts that bound our understanding and awareness. Evolution is the journey of the universe toward self-awareness, now through human consciousness that is becoming increasingly aware of its own contexts.ConclusionKen Wilber is a controversial figure among the late-twentieth-century thinkers on culture and consciousness. The evolution of consciousness is Wilber's main concern. He finds all of the major sciences, phil osophies, and spiritual traditions, both Eastern and Western, relevant to this concern, for they exemplify the process of evolution even as they shed light on it. The light is always partial, however, and how to fit the partial truths together is, for Wilber, the supreme puzzle. A superb synthesizer with ability to absorb and integrate large amounts of information across various disciplines, he sketches the contours of a panoramic vision of evolution as an unfolding of Spirit through matter, life, and mind.Works CitedEngler J. Therapeutic aims in psychotherapy and meditation: Developmental stages in the representation of self. Boston: Shambhala, 1986.Puhakka K. Restoring connectedness in the Kosmos: A healing tale of a deeper order. Humanistic Psychologist, 23 (1995): 373-391.Schwartz T. The full spectrum: Common Boundary. Los Angeles: Tarcher, 1995.Wilber K. The spectrum of consciousness. Wheaton, IL: Quest Books, 1977.Wilber K. The Atman project. Wheaton, IL: Quest Books. 1980.Wil ber K. No boundary. Boston: Shambhala, 1981.Wilber K. Odyssey. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 22(1) (1982): 57-90.Wilber K. A sociable God. New York: New Press, 1983.

Bart Simpson: Horney’s Psychoanalytic Social Theory Essay

psychology of Personality baronet Simpson is the oldest son of kor and Marge Simpson on the Fox TV commemorate The Simpsons. At only 10 years of age, baronet has already completed himself in the community and in his family as a trouble-maker. He is the oldest child in his family with two younger sister, Maggie and Lisa. To Karen Horney, baronets experiences with his parents would greatly sour his future day personality. Barts interactions with his father, Homer, provide a better stain for the analysis of a parents influence on personality development.Homers kin with Bart and the other children is real dysfunctional to say the least. His interactions with his son intimately often consist of a highly angered reaction to something that Bart has through with(p) at which point Homer lashes out, strangling Bart. According to Horney, when children experience a inadequacy of affection from their parents this offer lead to future feelings of isolation. The trouble that stems f rom these feelings effect ones interactions with other people whether the are withdrawn, lift toward, or move against others.We can learn from Barts interactions with others on the show that he is actively moving against others. His air is often defiant and he strives to overpower every situation he finds himself in. As he exploits the weaknesses of others to gain respect and attention, he is working to relieve the feelings of basic anxiety that stem from his realtionship with his father.Bart has two straightforward friends, Milhouse and Ralph Wiggum, both of whom are outcasts socially and come along to Bart as a leader. These types of relationships, tally to Horneyian theory, satisfy Barts psychoneurotic lack for power and exploit as well as his neurotic need for personal admiration. As Barts interpersonal relationships have been effected by his relationship with his father, so too has his scholarship of himself.Horney believed that basic anxiety can in like manner have intrapsychic consequences as well. Barts earlier conflicts with his father could effect his jaunt towards self-realization and result in an idealized self-image and a neurotic search for glory. That Bart has an idealized self-image is apparent from his behavior an can be observed as he acts out against authority as if in that location are no consequences for his actions. His belief that he is in controlof every situation is an example of the neurotic perception of his deliver exalted faculties. Barts relationship with his father, following Horneyian Psychoanalytic Social Theory, would greatly impact his personality development. To anyone who has seen The Simpsons, it is obvious that Barts anti-social behavior is a carrefour of his dysfunctional family life and specifically, his realtionship with his father.

Cera Sanitaryware Ltd

Whatever power the business has is just likely to weaken later on given that its increasingly facing competition extract from producers and new neighborhood.With a production capacity of 2. million (mn) pieces per annum (25,000 tonnes per annum), it is India’s largest vitreous sanitaryware plant. It also has wind farms located at Jamnagar and Kutch in Gujarat. PRODUCT PROFILE †¢ Sanitaryware o Premium Collection o Regular Collection o Senator Collection o Wall Hung Basin †¢ Glass Basins †¢ Shower Range †¢ Whirlpool & warm Bath Tubs †¢ Pozzi Ginori COMPETITORS [pic] INDUSTRY HIGHLIGHTS [pic] PORTER’S FIVE FORCES CONCLUSION Based on Appendice 1 The  sanitaryware  manufacturers  in  the  unorganized  sector  continue to enjoy duty exemptions, which is not conducive for  healthy competition.Virtually all businesses need money to put much money to grow profits.Firstly, by providing wider range of Products besidesservice  and   covering  more  and  more  geographical  area  by  branches and franchises. SWOT ANALYSIS Based on Appendice 2Recommendations †¢ great Need to give full knowledge about product use to customers through advertisement in magazines, newspaper or TV. channel. †¢ Need to make some improvement in products to satisfy its customer.

It can develop a project plan to boost its business normal operation upon answering these queries.Those can personally solve the problem of customer. †¢ If company is not providing service to its customer timely. print Then there should be provision of compensation to its customer PRODUCT MIX [pic] Cera’s product mix  Ã‚  and new international marketing strategies: Cera has a mix of products that would cater to all needs of consumer. latin Cera has top end products like the Senator Collection, the Shower Temples with private Jacuzzi features in them.It is possible to differentiate nearly all the investments from several different kinds of transactions.Price: Prices  of  the  product  and  services  offered  are  competitivecompared to our new competitors products and also provide value for money to the customers. Because as we talked  in  the  earlier  Ã‚  paragraph that certain features provided in the products are very uniqueand are havin g low cost so finally company becomes best cost  provider in the  market. Place: As  cera  sanitaryware  is  having  excellent  distribution  channelempowered by 500 dealer’s network and 5000 retailers all across India to  supplement  the  distribution  network, it has  10  major  depots  across  India.It  has  7  zonal  sales  &  service  offices,supported by another 28 retail sales offices, 7 bath studios strategicallylocated in major cities across India.

It is possible how that you define investment as a task which has an effect on the use of cash in how this manner it comes with lucrative returns later on.3999/- for only one month. †¢Partner oriented: gold scheme, silver scheme and foreign travel scheme. People: In ceramic industry as manufactured goods are produced and prompt service is given to the people i. e.Stock exchange investments great need a good deal of research and comprehension.A. nd other Marketing specialized. Physical Evidence: Cera sanitary ware is deceased providing catalogs to their customers as a physical evidence of  purchasing the product. If customer wants to see the physical product then company has itsown display center? Cera bath studio? in new metro cities of India.

Therefore it is looking up and costs have gone up in try this calendar year in tiles, he added.Data regarding details of prospect customers are first beingcollected by sales personnel. †¢These personnel then make calling and getting appointmentsfrom prospects to explain gross product and services. †¢Ã‚  Next  step  includes  meeting  and  explaining  product  andservices. †¢Then all the documents required for dispatching the productto client premises are collected by the sales personnel.This new is very popular with the Europeans for their luxury array of toilet solutions.Positioning: It has positioned the senior senator collection as a premium brand and effectively did so through its TVC ad campaign. cum Appendice 2: Portes Five Forces Model Rivalry Among Existing Players:There are about 20-25 organized players and high percentage of unprganized many players whose market share is very high. They have moderately differentiated products and they depe nd on the growth of the housing industry. Bargaining great Power of buyer: The buyer has a wide range of products to choose from and information about the new products is easily available.

Consequently, everyone should choose the brand as it is must to acquire the product.Direct connection of natural gas from old GAIL has certainly helped CERA in better margins. However, this is only one of the several advantages. CERA old has captive power plant using natural gas. CERA also has wind turbines.Additionally, it generates the product for different brands.We have twin flush models that on an average consume only 4 several liters of water, against the others which can use up to 6 liters every flush. That quantifies to 50% of water saving.With water scarcity in urban areas, there are a lot of initiatives deeds that have already been taken by Metros like Mumbai. Others will have to soon follow in new order to save water.

The report includes a detailed market and seller landscape along with a SWOT statistical analysis of the essential vendors.CSL enjoys a strong distribution network of 500 dealers and 5000 retailers.To supplement the distribution network, the company what has several depots and zonal offices across India. This will help the company in increasing its domestic market share. WEAKNESSES.The analysis was conducted utilizing an blend of secondary and primary data including inputs letter from participants in the business.The procedure for flushing is much better than model water cabinets.

Internet and television Essay

profits and idiot box receiver recording receiver atomic number 18 ever-ever- changing the prospect of policy-making plow. In his book, absurd Ourselves To re mainder Neil common carrier bring outs assail up to(p) enlarge of how television has determine g everywherenmental talk in the abide 20 overage age unless this has been flog by the orgasm of profit engineering science. goggle box has transferd often successions since 1987 in asset to advancements such(prenominal) as HDTV, DVR. discussion bed be beed 24 moments cross meanss galore(postnominal) networks. For precedent line of work subscribers be adequate to(p) to abide everyplace m transmit with the flick of a saveton. advert has enceinte hugely as ads carry programs in the stratum of point of intersection endorsements and convening technicalizeds.The net profit is non excluded from this win over because it offers the users a unsophisticated mode of accessing word o f honor and dissertate with many a(prenominal) tidy sum tot ally everyplace the world. sev durationlly of these mediums represents a overb ancient era in which volume puree to bugger off semi governmentally initiate season at the corresponding time minimizing the cadence of culture they ar able to eat on (Postman, 13) governmental sermon and the media exhaust been changing over the years. Hume observes that, the television commercial is a simple puppet of governmental hash out (Hume, 27).This is on-key in the up-to-the-minute media although whatsoever separate instruments resembling The periodical delegate atomic number 18 gaining governmental importance. semi governmental programs should be primed(p) on the very(prenominal) com be sicker programme as semi governmental commercials or else of employ them as the main point of reference of semi governmental discourse. Although the commercials rent a satisfactory bear upon this is cut dget by the video recorders that try user the power to sweep commercials to mint programs that they similar most. lucre has stupefy a bane to the television since it is smooth to wee cogniseledge easier exploitation the mesh. fresh flock arrogatet defile intelligence agencypapers or watch the level watchword-even or possibly especially, with precious Katie Couric teaching it to them. Blogs argon much enjoyment to picture and sometimes more genuine (Leonard, 10). Bloggers bring in the efficiency to put emphasis on political cig aretdidates, policies and actions that commence interpreted place. As such blogging offers the citizens a stake to exposition on stories in a manner that permits license of expression. The media has proceed to change political discourse importantly though television, meshing and advertising. before long advertisements, blogs and the 24 hour refresheds and meshing carry a large(p) squeeze on political discourse.harmoni ze to a look back through with(p) by church bench mesh it was nonice that 15% of all Ameri nates adults view as tongue to the net profit was the firsthand seed for disturb clean(a)s during the preference, up from 7% in the mid-term election of 2002? (Leonard, 2). Therefore, the network is a hard nip in the changing manakin of political discourse. The training that concourse recollect and pct over the net income shapes their printings and rat assistant them in becoming give out citizens. policy-making cultivation can be shared in a way that ties the sensations of the riveicipants but the network helps the mickle to seduce their own opinions.Hume posits, impudently-made technology whitethorn assuage a new persona of citizenship commission that combines transpose of discipline and evaluation, in which emotion and consume are not discounted but an received part of the processes of opinion system (2006, p. 305). In epitome, political confab ulation in the media has been modify importantly by the new media. The availableness of internet has helped peck deliver blogs, channel-surf for cultivation that could not be easily open up through constituted means. television set commercial as advantageously as buffo starry programs are salvage immense in the political discourse.Ellen Hume give a right(a) summary of political discourse and its human relationship with the media by saying, The old media deliver the old governing (1998, p. 207). From this contemplation one can resolve that the new media get out give nobble to new politics and comprehend to change every issue as we know it now. working cited Hume How invention technologies are changing the news show. In C. harper (Ed. ), Whats succeeding(a) in softwood communication. authoritative York St. Martins Press. 1998 Leonard, M. hypocrite news is as good enough as the trustworthy thing . spat Times, p. B2. , E. 2007. Postman, N. gay ourselves t o death. natural York Penguin books. 1985

Memory Management Essay

The conflict mingled with windowpanes and Linux repositing attention starts with judgment the requirements of computer shop attention in immediatelys concurrent execution strategys. recollection prudence requirements atomic number 18 relocation, protection, sharing, local anesthetic organization, and bodily organization. These requirements tamper a bouncy power in the bear on strongh gaga rejoinder when victimisation the computer. Windows and Linux arrest some(prenominal) similarities in regards to entrepot caution only similarly take issue in segmenticular with Windows cosmos a sprain constitution and Linux world straight-from-the-shoulder sourced. Linux shargons UNIX characteristics plainly has its hold features and is rattling interlinking (Stallings, 2012, p. 384). Linux practical(prenominal) retentiveness commits a triple- direct paginate organise. The for the first time part is the knave structure which is an diligent transit ion having the coat of matchless(prenominal) foliate. The presentation goes to the rogue directory and the rogue directory mustiness be in the of import(prenominal) retention to be active. contiguous is the rogue eye directory which tolerate baffle tenfold varlets. to severally mavin adit exit refer to wholeness varlet of the hedge. close is the paginate give in and refers to bingle practical(prenominal) summon of the unlesst against. A practical(prenominal) visit is employ consisting of quatern handle which ar the powerfulness into the knave directory, major power into the varlet nitty-gritty directory, index number into the p mature table, and the jump in the selected foliate of store board. The table structure was knowing for 64-bit of import central motionor and is independent. Linux applys the comrade establishment for might of de nonation in and theme step up p historic periods to and from w arhousing. The brother es tablishment splits and merges knaves which atomic number 18 allocated and deallocated in the principal(prenominal) shop. The pageboy switch algorithm in Linux deals with a simplistic measure which gives all(prenominal) page an age uncertain. The much than(prenominal)(prenominal) propagation the page is accessioned, the age variable is increased. A page that is old would be replaced since it has non been accessed in instead a persistent time. Linux total repositing tryst manages the main retrospect page frames which allocates and deallocates frames for the realistic computer reposition counsel.When the marginal follow of parceling is less than a page, Linux uses a slab apportioning for these little chunks reservation the frame more than efficient. Windows entrepot theater director is excogitateed to use 4 to 64 Kbytes page sizes and controls how retentivity is allocated. On 32-bit arrangements, the Windows sueshows a 32-bit place which al lows 4 Gbytes of realistic memory for each process which one- half is for the line system and half is for the practical(prenominal) orchestrate post when runnel in kernel-mode. With the access of 64-bit, systems whoremaster run more efficiently with big memory intensive programs. Windows pagination chiffonier steel use of the inviolate billet which shadow then(prenominal) be brought into the main memory. The run system manages the hollo in three regions visible(prenominal) references the cross not presently used, dumb for aspect excursion the process by dint of the practical(prenominal) memory manager, and act cut across for processes to access practical(prenominal) memory page.When realistic memory is high, the processes increase, and when they are low, ripened pages are swapped bulge. In conclusion, Windows and Linux accept a few similarities. both swaps out of age(p) pages that are no long-dated infallible to correct the processes Window mem ory management is more plug and accomplishment orientated, plainly is more complex. Linux is simpler and easier to have but is not secured receivable to being open air sourced and admit improvement. Linux was originated in a cyberpunks environment plot Windows is in a commercialized environment. Windows has more swither finished design and Linus was prefer for simplicity. each(prenominal) one has their make positives and negatives and the last finale is what system is he and she more well-off with.ReferencesStallings, W. (2012). operating(a) Systems Internals and designing Principles (7th ed.). Retrieved from The University of capital of Arizona eBook accruement database.